European countries offer visas for digital nomads
Almost 20 countries in Europe already offer visas for digital nomads, and this list is constantly expanding. What countries are these and how to become a digital nomad?
To find out the most important information about current visas for digital nomads around the world, read our article.
In this guide, we will focus on European countries and describe in detail which of them already issue such visas, for how long they can be obtained and what criteria must be met.
Albania
Visa for digital nomads: visa D for digital mobile workers
- Who can receive:
Foreigners working remotely on the basis of a contract with a foreign employer or client.
Peculiarities:
- Possibility to take your family with you.
- Upon arrival, you must convert your visa into an Albanian residence permit (RP).
Valid term of a visa: 1 year with the possibility of extension for 2 years and then for another 5 years.
Requirements:
- An employment contract with a company or a service contract with a contractor registered outside Albania.
- Documents confirming qualifications (diplomas, certificates, etc.).
- Monthly earnings of at least €305 and availability of funds in an Albanian bank in the amount of 408,000 lek (€3900).
- Certificate of good conduct.
- Housing contract (minimum one year).
- Medical insurance valid for at least 1 year.
- The visa application is submitted online. Review time: from 15 to 30 working days.
- The cost of a D visa is 80 euros.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €280-400
- Utilities: €105
- Monthly pass: €15
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €8
Andorra
Digital Nomad Visa: Residence per a nòmada digital
Who can receive:
Specialists working remotely on the basis of a contract with a foreign employer, and freelancers providing services to foreign customers.
Peculiarities:
- Possibility to take your family with you.
- The number of visas for nomads is limited by a quota - no more than 50 per year.
Valid term of a visa: Initially 2 years. The first extension is for 2 years, the second is for 3 years, the subsequent ones are for 10 years.
Requirements:
- Valid passport and visa application.
- Monthly income of at least €3,858 (300% of the minimum wage in Andorra for 2023).
- Police clearance certificates from all countries of residence and citizenship.
- Current photo.
- Positive decision from the Ministry of Economy on digital nomad status.
- Confirmation of ownership/rental of housing in Andorra.
- Employment agreement/contracts with foreign employers/customers.
- Documents about marital status.
- Willingness to live in the country for at least 90 days a year.
- Medical insurance.
- All documents must be translated, legalized/apostilled.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €800-950
- Utilities: €100
- Monthly pass: €35
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €13
Hungary
Residence permit for digital nomads: White Card
Peculiarities:
- Family members will not be able to automatically receive the same residence permit.
- You cannot apply for other types of residence permit for the duration of the White Card.
- Upon receipt of a share in a Hungarian company, the White Card is canceled.
Validity: 1 year with the possibility of a one-time extension for another year.
Requirements:
- Citizenship of a country outside the EU, EEA and Schengen area (third country).
- No share in a Hungarian company and no search for work in Hungary.
- Demonstrated employment relationship in a country other than Hungary, performing work remotely using digital technologies OR owning and managing a stake in a profitable company outside of Hungary.
- Income of at least 3,000 euros per month for the last 6 months.
- Availability of housing in Hungary (lease/ownership agreement).
- Health insurance or sufficient funds to cover expenses.
- Valid passport.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €330-420
- Utilities: €135
- Monthly pass: €23
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €9
Germany
Residence permit for the self-employed (freelancers): Aufenthaltserlaubnis für Selbständige Tätigkeit
Validity: From 6 months to 3 years with the possibility of extension.
Requirements:
- Confirmation of self-employment.
- Stable income.
- Medical insurance.
- Address in Germany.
- Availability of German clients:
- Evidence of intent to cooperate from at least two potential clients/employers (letters or contracts for payment of services).
- Sufficient pension plan (for applicants over 45 years of age):
- A monthly pension of at least 1,503.34 euros for at least 12 years, or assets worth at least 216,481 euros.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €700-950
- Utilities: €300
- Monthly pass: €50
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €13
Greece
Digital Nomad Visa: Greece Digital Nomad Visa
Validity: 1 year with the possibility of obtaining a residence permit for up to 2 years with the option of extension for another 2 years.
Requirements:
- Monthly earnings of at least 3,500 euros after taxes (if you are traveling with your spouse, you need to add another 20%, and for each child - 15%).
- Remote work as an employee or self-employed person with customers outside the country.
- Important: During this period you will not have the right to work for a Greek company on a permanent basis or as a freelancer.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €400-500
- Utilities: €216
- Monthly pass: €30
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €15
Iceland
Long-term visa for remote workers
Peculiarities:
- The holder of such a visa will not be issued an Icelandic identification number.
- Spouses/partners and children (under 18 years of age) of a digital nomad can also obtain a long-term visa as dependents of a person working remotely.
Validity:
- Up to 180 days if applying from your home country before arriving in Iceland.
- Up to 90 days if applied after entry into the Schengen area.
Requirements:
- Be from a non-EEA/EFTA country.
- No visa required to enter the Schengen area.
- No long-term visa to Iceland in the last 12 months.
- Work remotely for a foreign company (excluding Icelandic employers), or as self-employed.
- Monthly income of at least 1,000,000 ISK (approx. 6,300 EUR) or 1,300,000 SEK (approx. 8,200 EUR) if you are applying for your partner/spouse as well.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €1400-1600
- Utilities: €97
- Monthly pass: €62
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €20
Spain
Digital Nomad Visa
Peculiarities: Family members (spouse/partner, minor children, dependents) can also obtain a visa, but this service is more expensive.
Valid term of a visa:
- 1 year.
- Then you can get a residence permit for 2 years.
- Possibility of obtaining a residence permit immediately within the country for 3 years with an open-ended work contract (or for a specified contract period).
- Subsequently, the residence permit can be extended for another 2 years.
Requirements:
- Remote work in companies outside Spain, or self-employment, provided that work for a Spanish company does not exceed 20% of total professional activity.
- Proof of financial means: minimum 200% of the minimum salary in Spain (currently €2,520 per month).
- Relevant education or minimum 3 years of work experience.
- For family members - documents confirming relationship.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €700-930
- Utilities: €127
- Monthly pass: €32
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €12
Italy
Digital Nomad Visa
Peculiarities:
- The visa opens the way to obtaining permanent residence (permanent residence) after 5 years of residence on this visa.
- Family members can come for family reunification (spouse, children under 18, parents - under certain conditions).
Valid term of a visa: 1 year with the possibility of extension subject to the same conditions (job, income, insurance, housing).
Requirements:
- Annual income of at least 28,000 euros.
- Health insurance valid in Italy.
- Confirmed permanent residence in Italy.
- Minimum 6 months of remote work experience.
- Confirmation from the employer about remote work.
- No criminal record.
Life in the country:
- Rent a one-room apartment: €600-800
- Utilities: €200
- Monthly pass: €35
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €15
Cyprus
Digital Nomad Visa
Peculiarities:
- Family members of a digital nomad (spouse/civil partner and minor children) can also obtain a temporary residence permit for the same period, but without the right to work or engage in economic activities in Cyprus.
- If you reside in Cyprus for more than 183 days during a tax year and do not have tax residency in another country, the digital nomad is considered a tax resident of Cyprus.
Valid term of a visa: 1 year with the possibility of extension for a maximum of 2 years. Applications for renewal must be submitted no later than one month before the expiration of the current residence permit.
Requirements:
- Be a citizen of a country outside the EU or EEA.
- Be an employee of a company registered outside Cyprus or a self-employed person providing services to clients abroad.
- Availability of insurance.
- Income from €3500 per month after taxes and fees.
- No criminal record.
- Booked accommodation.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €700–900
- Utilities – €185
- Monthly pass – €45
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €15
Latvia
Digital Nomad Visa
Peculiarities:
- Holders of this visa are not allowed to work directly in Latvia.
- Family members cannot apply for this visa along with the applicant.
Valid term of a visa: 1 year.
Requirements:
- Be an employee employed by an employer in an OECD* member country, or a self-employed person registered in one of these countries.
- Be able to perform work remotely while staying in Latvia.
- If you are an employee, provide a certificate from your employer about at least 6 months of work and an income of at least €3,433 per month.
- If self-employed, confirm income of at least €3,433 per month for the last six months.
- Availability of health insurance valid in Latvia and Schengen, with coverage of at least 42,600 euros.
- Confirmation of place of residence in Latvia.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €300–450
- Utilities – €300
- Monthly pass – €30
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €10
Malta
Nomad Residence Permit Program
Peculiarities:
- The program is available to both citizens of EU countries and citizens of countries outside the EU (with the exception of Russians and Belarusians at the moment).
- You can apply for the program together with family members.
- Digital nomads are not required to pay income tax unless they offer services to Maltese companies.
Valid term of a visa: 1 year with the possibility of extension up to 4 years. You can also move freely within the Schengen area during this time.
Requirements:
- Minimum annual income of 42,000 euros (from 1 April 2023, previously 32,400 euros).
- The work or business must be located outside Malta.
- Availability of a valid passport, rental or purchase agreement for housing for the entire period of the permit, as well as medical insurance.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €780–930
- Utilities – €94
- Monthly pass – €26
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €15
Netherlands
Residence permit for self-employed workers
Peculiarities: Possibility of moving with family.
Validity: Maximum 2 years.
Requirements:
- Registration in the Trade Register of the Dutch Chamber of Commerce (Kamer van Koophandel).
- Possession of all necessary permits and licenses for work.
- Evidence of significant economic interest of the activity (assessed using a point system).
- For freelancers - having one or more orders/contracts in the Netherlands.
- For workers in the field of personal healthcare - registration in the BIG-register.
- Sufficient income (at least 1564 euros per month).
- Availability of a business plan.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €1100—1350
- Utilities – €225
- Monthly pass – €80
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €15
Norway
Visa for self-employed workers
Peculiarities:
- Does not give the right to permanent residence.
- Accommodation is allowed for spouse/partner and children with a contract longer than 6 months.
Valid term of a visa: Maximum 6 years per period. After 6 years you must leave Norway for 2 years before applying again.
Requirements:
- Contract to work with a registered Norwegian company.
- Registration as an individual entrepreneur abroad.
- Relevant qualifications.
- The salary level is not lower than the standards for this profession in Norway: from 448,900 to 480,900 NOK, depending on the level of education.
- The visa application must be submitted at the Norwegian Embassy or Visa Application Centre.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €800–1150
- Utilities – €190
- Monthly pass – €70
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €17
Portugal
Digital Nomad Visa
Peculiarities:
- An alternative to the D7 visa, intended for retirees and recipients of passive income.
- Suitable for employees and independent professionals working remotely outside of Portugal.
- Allows you to submit documents together with your family or subsequently apply for family reunification.
Valid term of a visa: Minimum 1 year with possibility of extension.
Requirements:
- For employees: employment contract or declaration from the employer.
- For independent specialists: the company’s constituent agreement or a contract for the provision of services.
- Proof of average monthly income of at least the equivalent of 4 times the minimum monthly salary in Portugal.
- Document confirming tax residence.
- Standard documents for visa.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €720–940
- Utilities – €111
- Monthly pass – €40
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €10
Romania
Digital Visa for Nomads
Valid term of a visa:
- Can be issued for 6 months or 1 year.
- The first extension of a temporary residence permit is granted for 6 months.
Requirements:
- Income of at least 3 average Romanian salaries for the last 6 months from remote work for a company registered outside of Romania, or from the activities of one’s own company abroad.
- Employment contract with a foreign company or proof of ownership/management of a foreign company for at least 3 years.
- Documents confirming payment of taxes abroad.
- Medical insurance for at least 30,000 euros.
- Certificate of good conduct.
- Confirmation of availability of funds for living expenses.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €300–410
- Utilities – €133
- Monthly pass – €18
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €8
Croatia
Residence permit program for digital nomads
Who can receive: Freelancers and remote specialists working for a foreign employer or their own company outside of Croatia.
Peculiarities:
- There is no need to pay income tax during the first year.
- You can take your family with you: spouses, children under 18 years of age, elderly parents or partners living together for at least 3 years.
Valid term of a visa: Up to 1 year. You can apply for a new one only six months after the end of the previous one.
Requirements:
- Monthly income of at least 2,539.31 euros or a bank account of 30,471.72 euros per year.
- Completed application.
- Evidence that you are not working for Croatia.
- Copy of the passport.
- Certificate of no criminal record.
- Medical insurance.
- Address in Croatia (may be temporary).
- For a spouse - a marriage certificate, for children - a birth certificate.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €450-550
- Utilities – €175
- Monthly pass – €44
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €10
Montenegro
Residence permit program for digital nomads
Peculiarities:
- You cannot work for local companies and clients.
- There are no income taxes required while you are a digital nomad.
- The spouse and children of the main applicant can undergo the reunification process and also remain in the country.
Valid term of a visa:
- Visa D: up to 180 days per year.
- Residence permit: up to 2 years with the possibility of extension for another 2 years. After 4 years of staying in the country with nomad status, you must leave the country for six months.
Requirements:
- Possibility of obtaining a D visa or the right to visa-free entry into Montenegro.
- Confirmation of remote work for a company registered outside of Montenegro (contract, certificate of employment).
- Minimum income 1350 euros per month for the last year. Upon family reunification, 310 euros are added for each family member.
- Availability of long-term housing in Montenegro.
- Medical insurance for at least a month.
- Certificate of good conduct.
- Confirmation of payment of contributions to the pension fund and health care system at the place of work.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment – €460–600
- Utilities – €112
- Monthly pass – €30
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe – €9
Czech
Program "Digital Nomad"
Basic requirements for employees of foreign companies:
- Citizenship of one of the following countries: Australia, Japan, Canada, Republic of Korea, New Zealand, United Kingdom, United States or Taiwan.
- Work for a foreign company with at least 50 employees worldwide.
- The possibility of remote work, specified in the employment contract or confirmed by a written statement from the employer.
- Education in science, engineering, technology or mathematics (STEM) or at least 3 years of experience in the IT field.
- Income is at least 1.5 times the average annual gross salary in the Czech Republic.
Basic requirements for freelancers (self-employed):
- Register a free enterprise (obtain a license) in the field of IT in the Czech Republic.
- Education in IT or at least 3 years of experience in this field.
- Expected income is at least 1.5 times the average annual gross salary in the Czech Republic.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment: €580-750
- Utilities: €260
- Monthly pass: €20
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €8
- Long-term visa for entrepreneurs and self-employed people
Primary requirements:
- Provide a trade license or other document confirming the purpose of stay (individual entrepreneurship).
- Confirm availability of funds for living in the country.
- Accommodation reservation for up to 1 year.
- Certificate of good conduct.
- Take out medical insurance after arrival.
- Documents must be translated into Czech and legalized.
Estonia
Digital Nomad Visa Program
Peculiarities:
- Provides temporary stay in Estonia, is not a residence permit.
- Exceeding a stay of more than 183 days within 12 consecutive months entails tax resident status and the obligation to pay local taxes.
- Family members can apply for companion visas.
- The visa does not provide advantages when obtaining a residence permit in the future.
- Working for an Estonian company is possible, but the main goal should remain remote work as specified in the application.
Validity: Up to one year with the possibility of extension up to 6 months. The maximum continuous period of stay is 1.5 years.
Requirements:
- Citizenship of one of the countries not included in the restrictive list.
- Status of an employee of a foreign company, a partner/shareholder of a foreign company, or a freelancer providing services primarily to foreign clients.
- Confirmed legal income of at least 4,500 euros per month for the last 6 months.
Life in the country:
- Renting a one-room apartment: €450—600
- Utilities: €267
- Monthly pass: €30
- Lunch at an inexpensive cafe: €12
All of these programs open up new horizons for digital nomads, allowing them to live and work in different parts of Europe, enjoying the benefits of local culture and nature, while maintaining their remote career.